Keywords: ancient architectural lighting 　 lighting design 　 garden lighting

"The east and west laurels are the screen, and then there are mountains like a picture, and plum blossoms are planted vertically and horizontally. Outside the plum, there are bamboos, which are adjacent to the monks' houses, and the sound of the night is from the bamboo..." Chinese gardens are planted with flowers, plants and trees. Among them, flowers, plants and trees are the "grand views" of Chinese gardens. So how can the plant scenery in the garden further enhance the artistic atmosphere of the garden through lighting and which method is used, and distribute the unique charm of the night scene of the garden industry? Honglin Lighting will tell you about it.

The designer believes that the objects of garden lighting are different from indoor lighting and architectural environment lighting. Its main purpose is to enhance the effect of the scenery and create a hazy and beautiful landscape. Therefore, in terms of the type of light source, you should try to choose a light source with better direction and control ability, and try to reduce the use of ordinary floodlighting lamps.

　　The principle of lighting design should mainly highlight the beautiful buildings, mountains and rocks, waterscapes and flowers in the garden, and hide the shortcomings of the garden scenery. The lighting requirements of different positions in the garden are quite different. In order to show the beautiful shapes of the buildings, sculptures, flowers and trees, mountains and rocks in the garden, the lighting methods should be different for each scene. The projected lights of buildings, peaks, sculptures, flowers and trees should be changed according to needs to show their own charm at night; the street lights on both sides of the park road should have uniform and continuous illumination to meet the needs of safety.

　　In order to make the small space appear bigger, you can only illuminate the necessary parts and put the rest in the shadow; while for the large outdoor space, the treatment method is just the opposite, which will make the big space feel a kind of intimacy. Outdoor lighting should use the dimmer on the light source carefully. On most garden lamps that use incandescent lamps as the light source, the light will become yellowish after the dimmer is used, and the illuminated object will be covered with a layer of yellow, especially for plants. , Will present a morbid state and lose its original vitality. It is also best to use color filters sparingly, because the light projected by them will produce a sense of distortion, which will cause some kind of unreality to plants. Of course, the sky blue filter is an exception. It can eliminate the yellow tint in the incandescent lamp and turn the light into a pleasant blue-white light. A small filter or other accessories can make a huge change in the entire landscape, which requires constant attention in the design.

　　灯光亮度要根据活动需要以及保证安全而定，过亮或过暗都会对游人带来不适。照明设计尤其应注意眩光。所谓眩光是指使人产生极强烈不适感的过亮、过强的光线。将灯具隐藏在花木之中既可以提供必须的照明又不致引起眩光。要确定灯光的照明范围还须考虑灯具的位置，即灯具高度、角度以及光分布，而照明时所形成的阴影大小、明暗要与环境及气氛相协调，以利于用光影来衬托自然，创造一定的场景与气氛。这都应在白天对周围空间进行仔细的观察，并通过计算校合，以确定**的景观照明效果。

　　植物的饰景照明：

　　树木的投光照明

　　1、投光灯一般是放置在地面上，根据树木的种类和外观确定排列方式;

　　2、如果想照明树木上的一个较高的位置，可在树旁放置一根和照射位置同高度的金属杆安装灯具;

　　3、在落叶树的主要树枝上，安装一串串低功率的白炽灯灯泡，可以获得装饰的效果;

　　4、对必须安装在树上的LED投光灯，其系在树杈上的安装环必须能按照植物的生长规律进行调节;

　　5、对树木的投光照明要讲究艺术。

花坛的照明

　　1、对于地平面上的花坛，采用称为魔谷式灯具向下照射，灯具常放于花坛的中央或边缘，灯具高度取决于花得高度;

　　2、光源常用LED地插灯、LED泛光灯等显色指数高的光源。

　　雕塑、雕像的饰景照明：

　　1、照明点的数量与排列，取决于被照目标的类型;

　　2、根据被照目标的位置及其周围的环境确定灯具的位置

　　(1)孤立地处于草地或空地中央的照明目标，灯具尽量与地面平齐，以保持周围的外观

　　(2)孤立地处于草地或空地中央的照明目标，如果坐落在基座上，灯具安放在远一些的地方，避免由于基座的遮挡而在被照目标的底部产生阴影

　　(3)坐落在基座上的目标，如果靠近行人，应将灯具固定在公共照明杆上或附近建筑的立面上;

　　3、对于塑像，常照脸部的主题部分以及像的正面，选择照射方向时要避免在塑像脸部产生阴影;

　　4、对于某些雕塑，灯光的颜色要和雕塑材料的颜色相协调。

　　水景照明：

　　对喷泉的照明：在水流喷射的情况下，将透光灯具装在水池内的喷口后面或在水流重新落到水池内的落下点下面，或两个地方都装上灯具。常使用红、蓝、黄三原色，其次使用绿色;

　　对瀑布的照明：对水流和瀑布，灯具应装在水流下落处的底部;

　　静水和湖的照明：灯具照射岸边的景象，可在水面上形成倒影;对岸上的物体，可用浸在水下的投光灯具来照明;对于动态的水面可用投光灯具直接照射水面。

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